Vigilance Is Not Enough | Mark M. Lowenthal

About Vigilance Is Not Enough

Vigilance Is Not Enough: A History of United States Intelligence by Mark M. Lowenthal traces how American intelligence developed, expanded and repeatedly confronted questions of effectiveness and oversight.

Written by a long-serving intelligence scholar and practitioner, the book follows institutions and policy from the early republic to the modern intelligence community. It explains why gathering information is only one part of the problem: analysis, coordination, political judgement and accountability also shape outcomes.

What this book covers

• The development of United States intelligence institutions
• Collection, analysis and policymaking
• Secrecy, oversight and recurring intelligence failures

Who this book is for

For readers of intelligence history, American government, national security and the institutions behind foreign-policy decisions.

Book details

• Author/contributor:Mark M. Lowenthal
• Language:English

Related reading

Continue with The CIA Book Club. You can also explore more history books and English books from Readings.

Frequently asked question

Is this book only about the CIA?
No. It covers the broader United States intelligence system and the historical development of its different institutions.

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